<p dir="ltr">Biliary atresia (BA), a rare but severe neonatal cholangiopathy, is characterized by progressive obliteration of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts along with concurrent liver fibrosis. Until now, there is a lack of study that evaluates preoperative treatment to enhance prognosis. This thesis aims to explore the therapeutic effect of using steroids for BA before Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE), especially focusing on the anti-fibrotic effect. This is the first study to systematically evaluate the dual effects of steroids on metabolic reprogramming and macrophage polarization in BA pathogenesis. The main experimental methods used involved animal models, organoid models, and single-cell analysis, as well as other common biological experimental methods, such as immunohistochemistry and the detection of liver biochemical indexes. The data files are about sc RNA sequencing raw dataset.</p>