Supporting data for Development of Electrospun Piezoelectric Materials for Dentistry

This study was dedicated to the development of electrospun piezoelectric flexible materials based devices for oral health detection and disease therapy. First, before the assembly, the preparation of electrospun PVDF-based piezoelectric composites was optimized in Chapter 4,, and the composites were characterized to obtain the optimal spinning parameters and fiber membrane processing parameters. Then, we introduced a new one-step bite force test method by using the principle of positive piezoelectric effect and electrospun piezoelectric materials as signal conversion media. In addition to developing a piezoelectric materials based bite force testing system, we also studied a self-powered oral energy harvesting device based on PENGs. After developing a wearable oral health device based on piezoelectric materials, we also conducted biocompatibility tests, including cell proliferation, viability and morphology, and metal ion precipitation.

The results revealed that factors such as the PVDF dissolve temperature, electrospinning voltage, volume ratio of the reagents in the solvent system, and ZrO₂ nanoparticle concentration can significantly affect the fiber morphology. ZrO₂ nanoparticle concentration, electrospinning voltage, membrane collector rotating speed, membrane annealing temperature, applied pressure and frequency can affect the piezoelectric output obviously. The PENGs based bite force testing system exhibited excellent accuracy and linearity, with a short operating procedure, making it an alternative to commercial bite force tests. Among the PENGs based aligner and mouthguard, the 2-layer mouthguard exhibited higher piezoelectric output, which provided the possibility for the realization of self-powered Photodynamic therapy (PDT). The extracts experiment results of the electrospun PVDF/ZrO₂ composites and electrospun PVDF-based PENG showed that the composites and piezoelectric oral devices showed good in vitro biocompatibility.