Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs)against prime inflammatory targets have shown great promise as potential therapeutic strategies. Although, no DMOADs have received regulatory approval for clinical use. Intra-articular (IA) platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) has raised an increasing interest. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the therapeutic effect of IA PRP therapy have been studied with controversial results worldwide, more and more updated placebo-controlled RCTs provided negative evidence. To develop DMOADs, a clinical trial about challenged IA PRP therapy and a basic study for potential IA strategytargeting novel pathogenesis proceed successively in this thesis.