<p dir="ltr">This thesis investigates the relationship between the development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and impaired proprioception. Findings from scoping and systematic reviews revealed a connection between gene mutations related to proprioception and the onset of idiopathic scoliosis, and confirmed that scoliotic adolescents exhibit proprioceptive deficits (PD). Despite existing gaps in knowledge, we developed a spinal proprioception assessment tool for scoliosis and established normative values from healthy individuals, allowing for clinical diagnosis of PD in our patient cohort. The research highlighted that PD could be a clinical phenotype resulting from the multifactorial nature of AIS and is related to both curve initiation and progression.</p>