<p dir="ltr">The dataset encapsulates the research data derived from the four research projects in the PhD thesis entitled “Tackling the dilemma of emulsification arising from the residual silicone oil in vitreoretinal surgery.” The PhD thesis focuses on the exploration of alternatives to surgical techniques and biomaterials for more efficient residual silicone oil and PFCL removal in vitreoretinal surgery. The folder named "Chapter 3" displays the data related to the evaporation rate of PFCL in an <i>in vitro </i>combined with a mathematical model. The folder named "Chapter 4" displays the data on the quantification of residual silicone oil following conventional surgical techniques in an<i> in vitro </i>and an <i>ex vivo</i> porcine eye model. The folder named "Chapter 5" displays the data on the short-term cytotoxicity of low molecular weight components in silicone oil on a series of retinal cell lines in an<i> in vitro</i> model. The folder named "Chapter 6" displays the data about the fabrication and characterization of selective oil-absorption cellulose-based aerogel microfibers for residual silicone oil removal in an <i>in vitro</i> and an <i>ex vivo</i> porcine eye model.</p>