Supporting data for “Exploring the Biological Functions of Ribosomal Peptides in the Microbiome Community"

Microbial secondary metabolites play a crucial role in the intricate interactions within the natural environment. Amongst these metabolites, ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are becoming a promising source of therapeutic agents due to their structural diversity and functional versatility. However, their biosynthetic capacity and ecological functions remain largely underexplored.

The biosynthetic profile of RiPPs and their potential roles in the interactions between microbes and viruses in the ocean were systematically investigated. A diverse array of previously uncharacterized RiPP families with great novelty and diversity were identified. Through correlation analysis based on multi-omics data, a high prevalence of antiphage defense-related and phage-related protein families that co-occurred or co-expressed with RiPP families were observed. Based on this putative association between RiPPs and phage infection, a RiPP-involving host-phage interaction network through host prediction and co-expression analysis were established, revealing complex connectivities linking RiPP-encoding prokaryotes, RiPP families, viral protein families, and phages. These findings highlight the potential of RiPP families involved in prokaryote-phage interactions and coevolution, providing insights into their ecological functions in the ocean microbiome. This dataset contains the constructed RiPP-involving host-phage interaction network in my thesis.